The Torah (also called the Pentateuch) is composed of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, which are often attributed to Moses. It contains Judaic laws and chronicles the origin stories of the Jewish people.

Tanakh is a Hebrew acronym for Torah (Instruction), Nevi'im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writing). The Tanakh contains all of the books in the Hebrew Bible (sometimes called the Old Testament by Christians), but not in the same order as the Christian canon.

The Talmud is a collection of later writings that discuss the Tanakh, especially the Torah, rituals, and general morality.